发展了一种能开展高过载条件下绝热层烧蚀研究的模拟实验方法———收缩管聚集法,研制了收缩管聚集高过载模拟烧蚀实验装置。对实验装置及固体火箭发动机过载条件下的三维两相内流场开展了对比数值模拟,结果表明这种实验装置产生的高浓度粒子流与40g纵横向过载条件下发动机内形成的高浓度粒子流状态很接近,说明这种实验方法是可以模拟高过载条件下绝热层烧蚀环境的。利用这套实验装置开展了高浓度粒子流冲刷条件下绝热层烧蚀实验,对6种绝热材料开展的烧蚀实验表明:所有试件表面均被冲蚀出一个凹坑,说明粒子冲刷对绝热层烧蚀影响很大。凹坑最大烧蚀部位与数值模拟得到的粒子浓度最大部位基本吻合。

The key technique to the investigation of ablation characteristic of the insulators of solid rocket motor with high acceleration is to develop a method to produce high concentration particles stream. A convergent tube experimental method was developed based on the previous principle experiments. A convergent tube test facility was designed to demonstrate this method. Three-dimensional two-phase numerical simulations were carried to compare the particles distributions of this test facility and the solid rocket motor with high acceleration. Numerical results showed that high concentration particles distribution in test facility was similar to that in the chamber of rocket motor with 40g longitudinal and lateral accelerations. Ablation experiments of six kinds of insulator were carried in this convergent tube facility. The experimental results showed that a cavity was formed on the surface of insulator due to the erosion of high concentration particles stream. This phenomenon indicated that erosion of particles has a strong influence on the insulator ablation. The location of cavity accorded with the location of the highest concentration of particles of numerical results.

TJ760